Chapter 22

Flats

Accidentals & the Chromatic World

Scaffold

Book1

Unit 6Accidentals & the Chromatic World

Levelbeginner

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Examples

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flatlower by half stepflat symbol

A flat (♭) lowers a note by one half step

In MIDI: subtract 1 from the note number

Example: B♭ = B minus 1 half step = MIDI 70 (B4=71, so B♭4=70)

A flat lasts for the entire measure unless canceled by a natural

{
  "rule": "MIDI note - 1",
  "example": {
    "Bb4": 70,
    "derived_from": "B4=71 minus 1"
  }
}

Practice

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AI-Generated

TODO: Write AI-executable exercises for Flats